Greetings, Parting, Thanking and Apologizing



Activity 1. Read this story
Story of Herald

Activity 2. After reading the story, in your group, answer the following questions:
  • What did Herald's mother say when Herald left home?
  • What did Herald say when he got into the classroom?
  • Why did Herald apologize to the teacher?
  • What did he say to apologize?
  • What did he ask from Lala?
  • What should Herald say after Lala gave him the pen?
  • What did Mr. Ramli say before leaving the class?

Important Lessons!


What should you when you meet someone?

Formal and polite:
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
Good evening.
How are you?
How do you do?

Informal:
Hi!
Hello!
Hey!
How is it going?
How's life?

Response 
Morning too
Hi
Hello
I'm fine
How do you do


What should you say to take a leave?
See you later
Good bye
Good night
bye
I'll see you then
Nice talking to you.
We should hang out again.
I am sorry, I gotta go now.

Response 
See you too
Bye
See you then

What should you say to thank someone(expressing gratitude)?
I'd like to thank you for ......
Thank you so much
I really appreciate it
That's very nice. Thanks
Thanks.

Response 
That's alright 
Don't mention it
My pleasure
No problem

What should you say to apologize?
I apologize for...
My apology for....
I am sorry for...
Forgive me

Response 
That's alright 
It's okay, but don't do it again
No problem

Worksheet

Complete the following dialog with correct expressions:
1. Cinthya : Hi, Ra. How are you?
    Ira         : ...... Where are you going?
    Cinthya : I am going to go to the library. Do you want to join?
    Ira         : ........  I have to see Mr. Faizal now.

2. Mr. Faizal  : Well, it was nice talking to you. But I have to go now.
    Mr. Wahyu : Me too. We should go out and have lunch together next time.
    Mr. Faizal  : Yeah sounds great. ............
    Mr. Wahyu : See you too.

3. Mr. Faizal : Please tell Ira to come to my room?
    Chintya     : Yes, Sir.
    Mr. Faizal : ........
    Chintya     : My pleasure, sir.

4. Ira             : ............... I forgot to bring my homework.
    Mr. Faizal : Well then. But, you should bring it tomorrow.
    Cinthya     : Yes, sir. I'm really thankful for giving me another chance.
    Mr. Faizal : ...............

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH


Pak Pesut said, “I’m not going with you!” = Present Continuous Tense
·       Pak Pesut said that he was not going with them. = Past Continuous Tense

The difference between those two sentences is the way they are conveyed,
  • by repeating the exact words spoken is called direct speech as in the first sentence
  • by reporting the words spoken is called indirect or reported speech as in the second sentence
Examples:
·       “I will stay here,” said Pak Pesut.  (Direct Speech)
·       Pak Pesut said that he would not stay there. (Indirect Speech)

·       Pak Pesut told the villagers that “I have enough rice for my family.” (Direct Speech)
·       Pak Pesut told the villagers that he had enough rice for his family. (Indirect Speech)

Direct & Indirect Speech terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu :
I.         Statement (pernyataan)
II.      Command (perintah)
III.   Question (pertanyaan)

Perubahan-perubahan yang perlu dari Direct ke Indirect Speech :
1.       To be & Auxiliary Verbs
Direct  
Indirect
Am/is/are
Was/were
Shall/will
Should/would
Can
Could
May
Might
Must/ought to/has to/have to
Had to
Was/were
Had been
Must not
Was’t to/mustn’t
Need not
Didn’t have to

2.       Adverb of Time & Place (keterangan waktu & tempat)
Direct
Indirect
Now
Then
Tomorrow
The following day
Next week
The following week
Tonight
That night
Today
That day
Yesterday
The day before
Last night
The night before
Here
There
This
That
These
Those

3.       Tenses
Direct
Indirect
Simple present
Simple past
Simple past/present perfect
Past perfect
Present continuous
Past continuous
Simple future
Past future


I.         STATEMENT

Dalam Indirect Statement kita menggunakan kata that (bahwa) sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar (introduce phrase) dan kata-kata yang dilaporkan (reported words). Kalimat-kalimat pengantar dalam indirect statement ialah :

He said
He said to me                    that + reported words
He told me

e.g  - Mary told her friends “I have been to Bali twice.”
- Mary told her friends that she had been to Bali twice.

-   Father said “I am going out of town tomorrow”
-   Father said that he was going out of town the following day.

 II.      COMMAND

Command dibagi dalam 2 (dua) bagian yaitu :
1.      Positive Command
Dalam perintah positif kita tambahkan to di depan kalimat perintahnya, sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar dan perintah yang dilaporkan. Kalimat-kalimat pengantar dalam jenis ini ialah :
to + infinitive
He asked me
He told me
e.g   - He asked me “Open your book!”
- He asked me to open my book.

-  Mary told me “Stop talking to Jane!”
-  Mary told me to stop talking to Jane.

2.      Negative Command
Dalam  perintah negatif kita tambahkan not to di depan perintah yang dilaporkan.
e.g            - Mary told John “Don’t wait for me!”
          - Mary told John not to wait for her.

III.   QUESTION
Bila pertanyaan langsung (direct question) menggunakan kata-kata tanya seperti: Where, When, Why, What, Who, How, dll, maka kata-kata tersebut digunakan sebagai penghubung dalam reported Speech. Pertanyaan yang dilaporkan berubaha menjadi bentuk positif. Kalimat pengantarnya ialah :

He asked me where/When etc.  
e.g  - The man asked me : “Where do you live ?”
- The man asked me where I lived.

-  John asked Mary : “Why do you get angry with me ?”
-  John asked Mary why she got angry with him.

Bila pertanyaan langsung tidak menggunakan kata-kata tanya, dan hanya merupakan pertanyaan dalam bentuk “Yes & No Question”, maka kita menggunakan kata-kata if, whether (jika, apakah) sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar dan pertanyaan yang dilaporkan.
e.g       - The boy asked John : “Does Mary live near here?”
- The boy asked John if Mary lived near there.