Short Functional: Announcement


Attention, please:
To all passengers of Argolawu train, please get on board now. The train is going to leave in 5 minutes. Thank you.

Definition:
Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.

Structure of Announcement:
1. Title
2. Opening
3. Purpose of announcement
4. Content of announcement
5. Date/time/place
6. Contact person
7. Closing

Examples:

1. Attention, please.
We've found some keys in the hall. If you have lost them, please meet Mr. Erwanto at the teacher room during the break. Thank you.
2. Attention, please.
To celebrate our Independence Day, we will hold some activities. One of them is blood donation. A drop of your blood is very meaningful for those who need it. If you want to donate your blood, please contact Rosil in the OSIS room. Thank you.
3. To: Students of grade X-5
Today, I can't give you a lesson since I have go to Bandung. Please write recount texts telling about your memorable experiences. Then put your work on my desk. We will discuss them on the nent class.
Thank you.
Mrs. Hana
4. Hello guys,
Welcome to football club Senior High School 2 Palangkaraya. I'm Aprinando as captain in the club football. I want give information about the nent match. Next week we will again against Senior High School 5 Palangkaraya in the friendly match. Exactly will be held Wednest, August 17, 2011 at 4 p.m. I hope we can play fairly and make Senior High School 2 Palangkaraya be the best. Thank you.


5. Attention, please.
Good mornhng students. Adinda's mother, Mrs. Harzawan, passed away last night after being hospitalized for a few days. The funeral ceremony will start at 1 p.m. Please do come and express your condolances. Your presence will comfort her. Thank you.
6. Attention, please.
I believe you still remember the powerful earthquake which happened last week. The earthquake also happened in the areas where some students of this school live. Many houses there have destroyed, including the students' houses. To show our sympathy to them, we will visit them next Saturday. We will also donate some money. Anyone who wan ts to donate some money may contact the OSIS chairperson, Kiky. Hopefully our little help will lessen their burden. Thank you.
The texts (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) above is an announcement. It is used to give information about something in a public place. An announcement can be spoken or written. An announcement is a simpletext/note to inform something important to the targeted listeners.
7. Listen. This announcement comes from Rosil. She has just lost her purse. It is a brown leather purse with a written initial "SM". Its size is 15-10 cm. Inside the purse are her student card on the name of Ross Shield Renti Bellinda, her ATM card an a hundred thousand note. She probably lost it along Jalan Sriwijaya. If you find it, please call her soon on 788532. There will be a reward to anyone who finds it. Thank you.
8. Attention, please. A biology book was found in the library. There's no name on it, only an initial "TN". If you are the owner, you can go to the library to claim it. Thank you.
The text (7, 8) is an example of lost or found announcements. People make such announcements whenever they have lost or found something valuable. In the announcements, they have to say a clear description about the person/thing they have lost or found.



9. Attention, please.
There will be a swimming contest for Junior High School Students. Those who are interested should enroll themselves to Mr. Sule not later than February the fifteenth. The contest will be held on February the twenty fifth at . Get further information in a brochure attached to the announcement board.
Thank you.
The text above is a spoken contest announcement. It is stated publicly. It usually starts with an expression of gaining attention or salutation and sometimes ends with an expression of thanking. It gives people information or news. It is usually short so that people can remember easily what it is about. The announcement contents depend on the events and the announcer's purpose.





10. Attention, please.
Persada Library Center is proud to announce a call for entries to the Annuak Writing Contest. We seek original short stories from new young talented writers. The stories should be typed and consist 
11. ANNOUNCEMENT
SCHOOL TRIP TO GOLDEN SAND BEACH
On 28th August, there will be a school trip to Golden Sand Beach.
Departure : 07.30.am
Program : Swimming, games, Volley Ball, and lunch at the sea. View restaurant.
Afternoon: Walk along the beach to the lagoon and watch the boat festival
Fee : Rp 50.000
Contact persaons: Vita, Zaskia
Chair person
Anne saragih

Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense merupakan Tenses ketiga dalam Bahasa Inggris. Secara sederhana diartikan sebagai bentuk waktu yang menjelaskan tentang suatu kejadian, peristiwa atau kejadian yang telah terjadi pada periode tertentu dan pada saat bicara, kejadian, peristiwa atau aktivitas tersebut tidak lagi dilakukan atau berlangsung.

Rumus:

a. Kalimat Verbal:

(+) Subjek + have, has + V3 + dll

(-) Subjek + have, has + not + V3 + dll
(?) Have, Has + subjek + V3 +dll?

b. Kalimat Non-Verbal(+) Subjek + have, has + been + dll
(-) Subjek + have, has + not + been + dll
(?) Have, Has + subjek +been +dll?

Perhatikan contoh berikut:

KALIMAT VERBAL

a. Kalimat Positif

  • I have seen the movie.
  • We have seen the movie.
  • You have seen the movie.
  • They have seen the movie.
  • He has seen the movie.
  • She has seen the movie.
  • My friend has seen the movie.
b. Kalimat Negatif

  • I have not seen the movie.
  • We have not seen the movie.
  • You have not seen the movie.
  • They have not seen the movie.
  • He has not seen the movie.
  • She has not seen the movie.
  • My friend has not seen the movie.
c. Kalimat Tanya

  • Have you seen the movie?
  • Have they seen the movie?
  • Has he seen the movie?
  • Has she seen the movie?
KALIMAT NON-VERBAL
 a. Kalimat Positif
  • I have been here for 20 minutes.
  • We have been here for 20 minutes.
  • You have been here for 20 minutes.
  • They have been here for 20 minutes.
  • He has been here for 20 minutes.
  • She has been here for 20 minutes.
  • My friend has been here for 20 minutes.
b. Kalimat Negatif
  • I have not been here for 20 minutes.
  • We have not been here for 20 minutes.
  • You have not been here for 20 minutes.
  • They have not been here for 20 minutes.
  • He has not been here for 20 minutes.
  • She has not been here for 20 minutes.
  • My friend has not been here for 20 minutes.
c. Kalimat Tanya
  • Have you been here for 20 minutes?
  • Have they been here for 20 minutes?
  • Has he been here for 20 minutes?
  • Has she been here for 20 minutes?
Tense ini digunakan untuk:
  •  Pengalaman
  •  Perubahan
  • Situasi Yang berkelanjutan
Perhatikan contoh-contoh kalimatnya berikut ini:
  • We have never eaten pizza. (=I do not have any experience to eat pizza)
  • John has broken his leg. (=yesterday John had a good leg)
  •  I have lived in Medan for 3 years.
For & Since dengan Present Perfect Tense
  • Kita memakai for untuk membicarakan tentang sebuah periode waktu.
  • Kita memakai since untuk membicarakan tentang titik (batas waktu) di masa lampau.
Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini:
  • I have been here for 10 minutes.
  • I have been here since 4 o'clock.
  • Ann hasn't called me for 3 months.
  • Margareth hasn't called since March .
  • He has worked in Los Angeles for a long time.
  • He has worked in Alabama since he left school.

Future Tense

Future Simple Tense sering juga disebut sebagai Present Future Simple Tense atau lebih dikenal sebagai Simple Future Tense. Secara sederhana Tenses ini diartikan sebagai bentuk waktu yang menjelaskan tentang suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi di masa mendatang.

 Rumus:
(1) Kalimat Verbal
  • Kalimat Positif = Subjek + will/shall + V1 + dll
  • Kalimat Negatif = Subjek + will/shall + not + V1 + dll
  • Kalimat Tanya = Will/Shall + Subjek + V1 + dll?

(2) Kalimat Non-Verbal
  • Kalimat Positif = Subjek + will/shall + be + dll
  • Kalimat Negatif = Subjek + will/shall + not + be + dll
  • Kalimat Tanya = Will/Shall + Subjek + be + dll?
CATATAN:
  • Dalam American English, Semua subjek menggunakan will. Shall tidak digunakan dalam Future Simple Tense.
  • Dalam British English. Will digunakan untuk semua Subjek, namun Shall hanya digunakan untuk I dan we saja.
Contoh:
  • They will go home soon. 
  • They will not go home soon. 
  • Will they go home soon? 
  • She will be here tomorrow. 
  • She won't be here tomorrow. 
  • Will she be here tomorrow?
Keterangan Waktu
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan pada SImple Future Tense ini adalah:
  • Next ...
  • Tomorrow
  • dll.
Penyingkatan
Bentuk-bentuk penyingkatan yang sering digunakan pada Tenses ini adalah:
  • Will --> 'll
  • Will not --> won't
Kapan kita mengunakan Simple Future Tense?
a. Tidak Ada Rencana Sebelumnya

Kita menggunakan Tense ini ketika tidak ada rencana atau keputusan untuk melakukan sesuatu sebelum kita berbicara. Kita membuat keputusannya secara spontan pada saat bicara.
Perhatikan contoh berikut:
  • Hold on. I‘ll get a pen. (Tunggu. Saya ada pena)
  • We will see what we can do to help you. (Kita lihat apa yang bisa kita lakukan untukmu)
  • Maybe we‘ll stay in and watch television tonight. (Mungkin kita akan tinggal dan menonton TV malam ini)
b. Prediksi

Kita sering menggunakan Tense ini untuk membaut prediksi di masa mendatang. Lagi-lagi tidak ada rencana. Kita hanya berusaha mengucapkan apa yang kita fikir akan terjadi.
Contoh:
  • It will rain tomorrow. (Hari akan hujan)
  • People won’t go to Jupiter before the 22nd century. (Orang-orang tidak akan ke planet Jupiter sebelum abad ke 22)
  • Who do you think will get the job? (Bagaimana menurutmu untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan itu?)
Probably & Perhaps
Probably (mungkin) dan Perhaps (barangkali) sering juga digunakan pada Tenses ini. Pada contoh di bawahini, perhatikan posisi "probably" dan "perhaps".
Contoh:
  • I will probably come with my sister. (Saya mungkin akan datang dengan adik saya) 
  • Perhaps, I will come with my sister. (Barangkali saya akan datang dengan adik saya)
Will & Going to
Will dan Going to akan kami bahas secara terpisah pada postingan lain. 

Bentuk lain dari Future Tense
Ternyata dalam Bahasa Inggris, tidak hanya will saja yang dapat menyatakan "akan". Ada juga bentuk-bentuk lain yang dapatkita gunakan untuk menggantikannya, namun fungsinya berbeda. Penjelasan masing-masing bagian di bawah ini akan kami jelaskan secara terpisah. Silahkan click di bawah ini.

Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense adalah Tenses kedua dalam Bahasa Inggris. Secara sederhana Tenses ini diartikan sebagai bentuk waktu yang menjelaskan tentang suatu kejadian, peristiwa atau aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung pada saat berbicara.

Rumus:
subject + is, am, are + V- ing + dll


Perhatikan contoh berikut ini:

  • I am talking to you.
  • You are reading this book.
  • She is not staying in Medan.
  • We are not playing softball.
  • Is he watching TV?
  • Are they waiting for Alex?
Tense ini dipakai untuk menjelaskan tentang:
  • Kejadian yang sedang terjadi sekarang, atau
  • Kejadian yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang
Perhatikan contoh-contoh kalimat berikut untuk menjelaskan kejadian yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang
  • We're eating in a luxury restaurant tonight. We've already booked the table.
  • They can play golf with you tomorrow. They're not working.
Pada contoh diatas, kita telah memiliki Sebuah rencana yang matang sebelum kita berbicara. Keputusan dan rencananya dibuat sebelum berbicara.

About To

Untuk menyatakan "akan" dalam Bahasa Inggris, sangatlah beragam. Mungkin selama ini, kata yang kita ketahui adalah “will" dan "going to". Namun sebenarnya masih banyak lagi kata-kata yang digunakan untuk menyatakan “akan”, dan salah satunya adalah "about to". About to digunakan untuk menyatakan “akan yang sebentar lagi akan terjadi atau dilakukan”.

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, kita dapat ambil contoh misalnya langit yang begitu hitam, dan mulai rintik-rintik. Kita dapat mengatakannya dengan “it’s about to rain”.
Contoh lain:
  • Don’t go out now. We are about to have lunch.
    (Jangan keluar, kita sudah mau makan siang - makan siangnya sudah siap di atas meja)
  • I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.
    (Saya baru mau tidur ketika ada seseorang yang mengetuk pintu)

Simple Past Tense

Tenses yang kelima dalam Bahasa Inggris adalah Past Simple Tense atau yang lebih populer disebut dengan Simple Past Tense. Secara sederhana, Tenses ini diartikan sebagai bentuk waktu yang menjelaskan tentang peristiwa atau perbuatan yang terjadi di masa lampau.

Rumus:
(1) Kalimat Verbal
  • Kalimat Positif = Subjek + V2 + dll
  • Kalimat Negatif = Subjek + did + non + V1 + dll
  • Kalimat Tanya = Did + Subjek + V1 + dll?
(2) Kalimat Non-Verbal
  • Kalimat Positif = Subjek + was, were + dll
  • Kalimat Negatif = Subjek + was, were + not + dll
  • Kalimat Tanya = Was, Were + Subjek + dll?
CATATAN:
  • "Did" digunakan untuk semua Subjek.
  • "Was" digunakan untuk Subjek I, he, she, It.
  • "Were" digunakan untuk Subjek You, We, They
Perhatikan contoh berikut ini:
  • They went to school
  • They did not go to school.
  • Did they go to school?
  • She was here yesterday.
  • She was not here yesterday.
  • Was she here yesterday?
Keterangan Waktu
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan pada Simple Past Tense adalah:
  • yesterday
  • last week
  • 5 minutes ago 
  • just now
  • dll
Penggunaan Past Simple Tense:
Kita memakai Tense ini untuk membicarakan tentang satu perbuatan yang terjadi di masa lampau.
Contoh:
  • The car exploded yesterday.
    (Mobil itu meledak kemarin)
  • She went to the mall with my father last week.
    (Dia pergi dengan ayah saya ke Mall itu minggu yang lalu)
  • Barbara was here 5 minutes ago.
    (Barbara ada di sana 5 menit yang lalu)

Simple Present Tense

Present Simple Tense sering juga dikenal dengan nama Simple Present Tense. Tense ini secara sederhana diartikan sebagai bentuk waktu yang menjelaskan tentang semua perbuatan, peristiwa atau situasi yang terjadi pada masa sekarang.
 
1.   Rumus
Untuk membentuk Simple Present Tense, maka gunakan rumus berikut ini:
  1. Subjek + kata kerja (+s/es) + dll (Untuk Kalimat Verbal)

  2. Subjek + is/am/are + dll (Untuk Kalimat Non-Verbal)
CATATAN:
  • Kita gunakan Rumus Pertama, jika kita mendapati kata kerja setelah subjek kalimat.
  • Kata kerja tersebut harus ditambah dengan "s" atau "es" jika subjek kalimatnya adalah He, She, It.
  • Penambahan kata "s" dan "es" akan dibahas di bawah.
  • Namun apabila setelah subjek kita tidak mendapati adanya kata kerja, maka gunakan is, am, are.
  • Penggunaan ketiga kata tersebut akan dibahas di bawah.
2.   Keterangan Waktu
Ketangan waktu yang sering digunakan dalam Simple Present Tense adalah:
  • every day = setiap hari
  • every week = setiap minggu
  • every year = setiap tahun
  • on Mondays = pada hari Minggu
  • after school = sepulang sekolah
  • dll
3. Keterangan Tingkat Keseringan (Adverbs of Frequency)
Adverbs of Frequency yang sering dipakai adalah:
  • always = selalu
  • often = sering
  • usually = biasanya
  • sometimes =kadang-kadang
  • seldom = jarang
  • never = tidak pernah
  • dll
4.   Contoh Kalimat Secara Umum
  • I go into the house.
  • We go into the house.
  • You go into the house.
  • They go into the house.
  • He goes into the house.
  • She goes into the house.
  • It goes into the house. 
  • I am hungry.
  • We are hungry.
  • You are hungry.
  • They are hungry.
  • He is hungry.
  • She is hungry.
  • It is hungry.
4. Perubahan Kalimat
Untuk merubah kalimat dalam bentuk Negatif dan Kalimat Tanya, perhatikan caranya di bawah ini:
(1) Kalimat Verbal
  • Kalimat Positif = Subjek + V1 + dll
  • Kalimat Negatif = Subjek + do/does + not + V1 + dll
  • Kalimat Tanya = Do/Does + Subjek + V1 + dll?
(2) Kalimat Non Verbal
  • Kalimat Positif = Subjek + is,am,are + dll
  • Kalimat Negatif = Subjek + is, am, are + not + V1 + dll
  • Kalimat Tanya = Is, Am, Are + Subjek + V1 + dll?
Contoh:
  • They go into the house.
  • They do not go into the house.
  • Do they go into the house? 
  • Mary goes into the house.
  • Mary does not go into the house.
  • Does Mary go into the house?
Perhatikan: Kalimat Mary does not go into the house; kata kerja goes tidak lagi kita gunakan, karena kita sudah menggunakan does.
  • They are hungry.
  • They are not hungry.
  • Are they hungry? 
  • Andy is hungry.
  • Andy is not hungry.
  • Is Andy hungry?
5. Penambahan "S" dan "ES"
Perhatikan petunjuk di bawah ini untuk membentuk kata kerja yang bertemu dengan He, She, It.
  • Kata Kerja yang berakhiran bunyi desis, seperti s, ss, ch, x, z, dll, maka tambahkan "es" sesudahnya.
  • He watches ...
  • He passes ...
  • Kata Kerja yang berakhiran huruf "O" juga ditambah dengan "es".
  • He goes ...
  • She does ...
  • Kata Kerja yang berakhiran dengan "y", namun huruf sebelumnya adalah huruf vocal, maka tambahkan "s".
  • He plays ...
  • She says ...
  • Kata Kerja yang berakhiran dengan huruf "y", yang didahului oleh huruf konsonan, maka ubah huruf "y" tersebut menjadi "i" dan tambahkan "es".
  • Cry - He cries
  • Try - My father tries...
6. Fungsi Simple Present
  • Menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang dilakukan tidak hanya sekali, hampir seperti suatu kebiasaan (berulang-ulang).
  • My friend often draws nice pictures.
    (Teman saya sering menggambar gambar-gambar yang bagus)
  • My father usually drinks a cup of coffee in the morning.
    (Ayah saya biasanya minum secangkir kopi di pagi hari)
  • Menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kejadian yang merupakan kebenaran umum atau tidak dapat dibantah lagi kebenarannya.
  • The sun rises in the East.
    (Matahari terbit di sebelah Timur)
  • Water flows from higher to lower places.
    (Air mengalir dari tempat yang lebih tinggi ke tempat yang lebih rendah)
  • Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sudah terjadwal. Fungsi ini dapat digunakan untuk Future Tense. Kata kerja yang biasanya digunakan pada fungsi ini adalah open, close, leave, depart, start, end, begin, finish, dll
  • The plane flies to London every Monday.
    (Pesawat itu terbang ke London setiap hari Senin)
  • The train leaves for Senen Statition at 7.
    (Kereta api itu berangkat dari Stasiun Senen pada jam 7)
  • Menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau aktivitas yang mengikuti aktivitas yang lainnya.
  • First I get up, then I have breakfast.
    (Pertama sekali saya bangun pagi, kemudian saya sarapan pagi)
  • Ronaldinho passes the ball to Kaka, Kaka passes it to Pirlo, he shoots, and it's a goal.
    (Ronaldinho mengoper bolanya ke Kaka, Kaka mengopernya ke Pirlo, dia menendangnya, dan Gol!)
  • Menyatakan sebuah instruksi.
  • Open your books at page 34!
    (Buka bukumu halaman 34)
  • Close the door, please?
    (Tolong tutup pintunya)
  • Digunakan dengan kata kerja tertentu.
    • I understand what you mean.
      (Saya paham apa yang Anda maksudkan)
    • I think it's OK.
      (Saya rasa itu bagus)

Pictures



Narrative

Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story

Generic Structure:
1. Orientation. This is the opening part of narrative text. This part introduces the characters, place, time, and setting of the story.
2. Complication. In this part, the problem appears
3. Resolution. Resolution is how the problem resolved
4. Reorientation is the end of the story, maybe sad or happy ending. Sometime also there are moral values taught in this part.

Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Chronologically arranged

Example:
The Legend of Rawa Pening
Once upon a time, there was a little poor boy came into a little village. He was very hungry and weak. He knocked at every door and asked for some food, but nobody cared about him. Nobody wanted to help the little boy. Finally, a generous woman helped him. She gave him shelter and a meal. When the boy wanted to leave, this old woman gave him a “lesung”, a big wooden mortar for pounding rice. She reminded him, “please remember, if there is a flood you must save yourself. Use this “lesung” as a boat”. The “lesung” was happy and thanked the old woman.The little boy continued his journey. While he was passing through the village, he saw many people gathering on the field. The boy came closer and saw a stick stuck in the ground. People challenged each other to pull out that stick. Everybody tried, but nobody succeeded. “Can I try?” asked the little boy. The crowd laughed mockingly. The boy wanted to try his luck so he stepped forward and pulled out the stick. He could do it very easily. Everybody was dumbfounded. Suddenly, from the hole left by stick, water spouted out. It did not stop until it flooded the village. And no one was saved from the water except the little boy and the generous old woman who gave him shelter and meal. As she told him, he used the “lesung” as a boat and picked up the old woman. The whole village became a huge lake. It is now known as Rawa Pening Lake in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia.

How could he get the accident?

A         : Why do you look unhappy?
B         : Haven’t you heard the news about our friend?
A         : What news?
B         : Our friend Greg of the Social Class had got an accident.
A         : Really? Where is he now?
B         : He’s in the hospital. I want to visit him tonight.
A         : Does he get a serious injury?
B         : I heard he got a serious injury. He is still unconscious now.
A         : How could he get the accident?
B         : I don’t know for sure. But Liana, his friend in Social Class said, he put a high speed when riding his motorcycle on the way to school, the street was slippery, so he fell down and his head hit the street hardly.
A         : Oh my god. What a pity boy. What time will you visit him tonight?
B         : Around 7 to 8.
A         : I also want to visit him. May I come with you?
B         : Of course you may. Where do we meet?
A         : I’ll come to your house.

Greetings - Basic

There are many ways to greet someone. We'll learn about the most common way to greet someone in this lesson. I'll give a variety of example sentences.

Greeting someone you never met:
"Hi, my name is Steve. It's nice to meet you."

You can respond to this by saying,
"It's a pleasure to meet you. I'm Jack."

Another common question to ask is

"What do you do for a living?"

You can respond to this by saying,

"I work at a restaurant."
"I work at a bank."
"I work in a software company."
"I'm a dentist."

Usually, you will not need to ask for a name. It is implied that each person should say their name. But in case they don't, you can ask,

"What is your name?"

Many times, I don't hear the name. If you would like for them to repeat their name, you can say,

"What was that again?"
"Excuse me?"
"Pardon me?"

Going to the Market

Jika Anda bepergian ke luar negeri dan harus berbelanja sendiri ke pasar, tentu Anda dituntut untuk bisa menguasai percakapan bahasa inggris di Pasar.

Syllabus

Assalam alaikum wr. wb

This blog still in improvement, so be patient for the full content. For the convenience, I will as soon as possible to fill the blog with materials, but need your patience coz all of that stuff are not all available in my laptop. Thus i just wanna post what is in my laptop. In this occasion Syllabus example will be first post. You should download it from the link to get it. Here is the link

Senior High School
Syllabus XI Sem 1

Welcome Notes

For many reasons, you'll need to improve your English. English  nowadays cannot be denied have been the requirements to confront many social activities. Such as for applying a job, many companies requires their applicants to master English, or as school tasks, or for a simple reason, to know the ingredients of a snack. Thus need Language Proficiency to understand it.
Other, how can (as young generation) be looked cool and modern by your colleague? Of course English use is one way to have cool-looking aura. Look at celebrities, how stunning they are when they speak English fluently. This also promote self-confidences. 

This is our first post. This blog is just for those entail English. This blog contains what the teacher need for teaching, such as syllabus, semester and annual program, and lesson plan. Besides, this also provide the learning material for both teacher and learners.

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